THE ARBA’EEN: 40TH OF IMAM AL-HUSAYN (A.S) BY MUJAHIDALI A SHERIFF
05 February 2010 01:33
It is customary among Muslims to pay tribute to their deceased person forty days after his death. This is because the Holy prophet (saww) has said, “The earth mourns the death of a believer for forty mornings”. (Bihar al-Anwaar)
Imam Ja’far al-Sadiq (as) has said, “The sky wept over al-Husayn (as) for forty mornings with blood, while the earth wept over him for forty mornings with blackness. The sun wept over him for forty mornings with an eclipse and with redness, whereas the angels wept over him for forty mornings. No woman among us ever dyed with henna, nor used any oil, nor any kohl nor cohabited with her husband till the head of Ubaydullah ibn Ziyad was brought to us, and we are still grieving even after all that”. (Mustadrak al-Wasail)
The Arba’een of Imam al-Husayn (as) falls on the 20th Safar every year. Shia’hs all over the world will be mourning Imam al-Husayn (as), his companions and his household members who were brutally massacred in Karbala in the year 61 A.H. by the army of Yazeed bin Mu’awiya bin Abi Sufyan (May the curse of the Almighty be upon them). Shia’hs will also be remembering the atrocities, which were committed against the household of Prophet Muhammad (saww) by the Umayyad rulers.
MOURNING:
Mourning Imam al-Husayn (as) is the tradition of our Aimma (as) and it was started by Imam Ali Ibn al-Husayn (as) after his return to Madina from the prison of Damascus. It is related that upon his return to Madina, Imam Ali ibn al-Husayn (as) stayed aloof from the public in order to avoid being involved in their disputes and also to dedicate his time to worshipping Allah (SWT) and mourning his beloved father.
He (as) used to weep day and night. One of his slaves said to him, “I fear for you lest you should perish”. He (as) said to him, “I only convey my complaints and my grief to Allah, and I know from Allah what you all do not know. Ya’qoob (Jacob) was a prophet whom Allah caused one of his sons to be separated. He had twelve sons and he knew that his son Yusuf (Joseph) was still alive, yet he wept over him till he lost his eyesight. If you look at my father, my brothers, my uncles, and my friends, how they were slain all around me, tell me how can my grief ever end? Whenever I remember how Fatima’s children were slaughtered, I cannot help crying. And whenever I look at my aunts and sisters, I remember how they were fleeing from one tent to another..”(Karbala & Beyond)
Imam Muhammad al-Baqir (as), talking about the manner of performing Azadari said: “He should mourn over Husayn (as), weep for him and instruct the members of the house to weep for him. He should establish the mourning ceremony in the house by exhibiting lamentations and grief over him, the people should meet one another in their homes and offer condolences and consolation to each other over the calamities, which befell him”.
Imam Ali Ibn Musa ar-Ridha (as) has been reported saying: “With the advent of the month of Muharram, my father (Imam al-Kadhim) would never be seen laughing, gloom and sadness would overcome him for the (first) ten days of the month, and when the tenth day of the month would dawn, it would be a day of tragedy, grief and weeping for him”.
Imam Ja’far as-Sadiq (as) said: “There is none who recites poetry about Husayn (as) and weeps and makes others weep by means of it, except that Allah makes Jannah (Paradise) compulsory for him and pardons his sins”.
Amongst the highly recommended actions for this day is to be in Karbala, the grave of Imam al-Husayn (as) for his Ziyaarah and that of the other Martyrs of Karbala. According to Imam Ja’far al-Sadiq (as), one should also recite Ziyaarah-e-Arba’een (Salutations to Imam on the 40th day of his martyrdom). This Ziyaarah can be found in Almanac, page no.238 and also in Mafatih al-Jinaan, page no.471.
Imam Hasan al-‘Askary (as) has said, “There are five signs of a Mumin: Recitation of 51 Rak’aat of Salaat daily (Obligatory & Recommended prayers), Reciting of the Ziyaarah of Imam al-Husayn (as) on the 40th, Wearing a ring on the right hand, Placing forehead on earth while in Sajdah, and reciting BISMILLAHIR RAHMANIR RAHEEM aloud”.
A’dhamallahu Ujoorana Wa Ujoorakum Bi Musaabina Bil-Husayn (as)
